Computer networking is the practice of connecting two or more computing devices to share data and resources, enabling communication and collaboration across various platforms.
Definition and Purpose
A computer network is a system of interconnected computing devices, such as computers, servers, and mobile devices, that communicate and share resources with one another. Networking allows these devices to exchange information and access shared resources, such as files, applications, and internet connectivity. This connectivity is essential for modern digital experiences, from personal communication to business operations and cloud services.
Components of Computer Networking

Physical Medium: Data can be transmitted over various physical media, including wired connections (like Ethernet cables and fiber optics) and wireless connections (like Wi-Fi and Bluetooth).
Types of Computer Networks
Local Area Network (LAN): A LAN connects devices within a limited geographical area, such as a home, office, or campus. It allows for high-speed data transfer and resource sharing among connected devices.

Wide Area Network (WAN): A WAN connects devices over larger geographical distances, often using leased telecommunication lines. The internet is the largest example of a WAN.
Historical Context
The concept of computer networking dates back to the late 1960s with the development of ARPANET, the first operational computer network funded by the U.S. Department of Defense. This network laid the groundwork for the modern internet and has evolved significantly over the decades, leading to the complex networking systems we rely on today.

Conclusion
Computer networking is a fundamental aspect of modern technology, enabling seamless communication and resource sharing across various devices and platforms. Its evolution continues to shape how we interact with technology in our daily lives and business operations.

Devices: Key devices in a network include computers, servers, routers, switches, and access points. These devices facilitate communication and data transfer within the network.

Protocols: Networking relies on communication protocols, which are rules that define how data is transmitted and received over the network. Common protocols include TCP/IP, HTTP, and FTP.